And, But, Or, So, Because

A. And is used to join or add words together in the sentence They ate and drank.
B. Or is used to show choice or possibilities as in the sentence He will be here on Monday or Tuesday.
C. But is used to show opposite or conflicting ideas as in the sentence She is small but strong.
D. So is used to show result as in the sentence I was tired so I went to sleep.
E. Because is a conjunction used to connect 2 sentences, or clauses.
You do not need a comma before this conjunction.
We use these words (conjunctions) to join two sentences. They make one longer sentence from two shorter sentences:
Sentence A The Car stopped. The driver got out.
Sentence B The Car stopped, and the driver got out.
B. and/but/or
Sentence A Sentence B
We stayed at home and (we) watched televisions.
My sister is married and (she) lives in London
He doesn’t like her, and she doesn’t like him.
I bought a newspaper, but I didn’t read it.
It’s a nice house, but it hasn’t got a garage.
Do you want to go out, or are you tired?
In lists, we use commas (,). We use and between the last two things.
· I got home, had something to eat, sat down to watch TV, and fell asleep.
· Amy is at work, Sue went shopping, and Chris is playing football.
C. so (the result of something)
Sentence A Sentence B
It was very hot so we opened the window.
They had some free time so they went for a drive.
I don’t like to travel, so I haven’t been to many places.
D. because (the reason for something)
Sentence A Sentence B
We opened the window because it was very hot.
They didn’t go for a drive because they didn’t have time
Lisa is hungry because she didn’t have breakfast
Because is possible at the beginning. We use a comma.
· Because they didn’t have time, they didn’t go for a drive.
E. In these examples there is more than one conjunction.
· I was late and I was tired, so I went to bed.
· I love New York, but I wouldn’t like to live there because its too big.
111.1 Write sentences. Choose from the boxes and use/but/or
I stayed at home I didn’t have your number.
I bought a newspaper should I wait here?
I went to the window I didn’t read it.
I wanted to call you. I took the bus this morning
I jumped into the river I watched television
I usually drive to work I looked out.
1. I stayed at home and watched television.
2. I bought a newspaper, but I didn’t read it.
3. I __________________________________.
4. ___________________________________.
5. ____________________________________.
6. ____________________________________.
7. ___________________________________
111.2 Look at the pictures and complete the sentence. Use and/but/so/because.
1. It was very hot, so he opened the window.
2. They didn’t play tennis ________________
3. They went to the museum __________________
4. Bill wasn’t hungry _______________________
5. Amy was late ___________________
6. Sue said _________________________
111.3 Write sentences about what you did yesterday. Use the words in parenthesis ( ).
1. (and) last night I stayed home and studied.
2. (because) I went to bed very early because I was tired.
3. (but) ____________________________________
4. (and) ____________________________________
5. Amy was late _____________________________